{"id":3495,"date":"2022-01-22T18:38:28","date_gmt":"2022-01-22T23:38:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/?p=3495"},"modified":"2022-01-22T18:49:53","modified_gmt":"2022-01-22T23:49:53","slug":"pota-dosidiscus-gigas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/pota-dosidiscus-gigas\/","title":{"rendered":"Pota <i>(Dosidiscus gigas)<\/i>"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3495\" class=\"elementor elementor-3495\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-307fb4e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"307fb4e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8a2be5b\" data-id=\"8a2be5b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85643e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"85643e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pota <i>(Dosidiscus gigas)<\/i><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a5c69cd elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a5c69cd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41c12a6\" data-id=\"41c12a6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-12a467e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12a467e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-201822e\" data-id=\"201822e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e5c6af elementor-skin-carousel elementor-arrows-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-media-carousel\" data-id=\"4e5c6af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_per_view&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;space_between&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:8,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;carousel&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;show_arrows&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;space_between_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;space_between_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"media-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-main-swiper swiper-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/pota.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"4e5c6af\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Extraido de : https:\/\/laanimalopedia.blogspot.com\/2016\/05\/calamar-gigante-dosidicus-gigas.html\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzQ5NywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3R1bWkubGFtb2xpbmEuZWR1LnBlXC9pbmZvcGVzXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIyXC8wMVwvcG90YS5wbmciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI0ZTVjNmFmIn0%3D\">\t\t<div class=\"elementor-carousel-image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/pota.png)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b805c9a\" data-id=\"b805c9a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1afb4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1afb4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>Tiene una amplia distribuci\u00f3n en el Pacifico Este .El per\u00edodo de la migraci\u00f3n hacia la costa peruana \u00a0es el verano y oto\u00f1o austral; durante el oto\u00f1o e invierno permanecen aliment\u00e1ndose sobre el talud continental y mar adentro. Tras el periodo de alimentaci\u00f3n vuelven hacia el ecuador a las \u00e1reas de desove costeras, madurando gradualmente. En su dieta destacan la merluza, jurel, liza, sardina o individuos de su misma especie, es decir, presentan un alto grado de canibalismo<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7dd041b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7dd041b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c53ec68\" data-id=\"c53ec68\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f1191e elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"8f1191e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t        <div data-scroll-on-click=\"no\" data-scroll-speed=\"300\" id=\"eael-advance-tabs-8f1191e\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal eael-tab-auto-active \" data-tabid=\"8f1191e\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav \">\n                <ul class=\"eael-tab-inline-icon\" role=\"tablist\">\n                                            <li id=\"biologa-y-ecologa\" class=\" eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"biologa-y-ecologa-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Biolog\u00eda y Ecolog\u00eda<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"pesquera\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"pesquera-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Pesquer\u00eda<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"comercializacin\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"comercializacin-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Comercializaci\u00f3n<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"manejo-y-estado-de-explotacin\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"manejo-y-estado-de-explotacin-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Manejo y estado de explotaci\u00f3n<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"referencias-bibliogrfica\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger eael-tab-nav-item\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"referencias-bibliogrfica-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                                                                <i class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right\"><\/i>                                                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title title-after-icon\" >Referencias bibliogr\u00e1fica<\/span>                            \n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \n                                  <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"biologa-y-ecologa-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item \" data-title-link=\"biologa-y-ecologa-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <style>.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#5F5F5F;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b th{text-align:left;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b th .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th{color:#444444;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:before{border-bottom-color:#444444;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:after{border-top-color:#444444;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b thead{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table th{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b td{text-align:left;color:#000000;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#D7D7D7;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b td .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b tbody{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table 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select{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover, .elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current, .elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-3502 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b9be9b .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"3502\" class=\"elementor elementor-3502\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae80bcd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae80bcd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f9b93c4\" data-id=\"f9b93c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06415ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"06415ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hoja-Tecnica-1-1-1.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b9be9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-advanced-data-table\" data-id=\"8b9be9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-advanced-data-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap\" data-id=\"8b9be9b\"><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search-wrap ea-advanced-data-table-search-right\"><input type=\"search\" placeholder=\"Buscar\" class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search\"><\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap-inner\">\n                <table class=\"ea-advanced-data-table ea-advanced-data-table-static ea-advanced-data-table-8b9be9b ea-advanced-data-table-sortable ea-advanced-data-table-paginated ea-advanced-data-table-searchable\" data-id=\"8b9be9b\" data-items-per-page=\"10\"><thead><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><p><strong> DISTRIBUCI\u00d3N <\/strong> <\/p><\/td><td><p><strong>Latitudinal : <\/strong>Tiene una amplia distribuci\u00f3n en el pacifico Este, desde los 36\u00b0N a 26\u00b0S y por el Oeste hasta los&nbsp;125\u00b0W (Ref 10).<\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Longitudinal:<\/strong><\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Batimetrica : <\/strong>Los calamares mayores se hallan a mayores profundidades: 24-26 cm LM en superficie, 40-67 cm LM a 120-160 m y hasta 73-80 cm LM a mayores profundidades frente a Centroam\u00e9rica (Ref 5).<\/p><p>Hallaron al calamar gigante en Per\u00fa entre los 180 y 190 m de d\u00eda y entre los 30 y 50 m de noche con luna nueva y cuarto menguante, con una distribuci\u00f3n global entre los 3 y 270 m. (REf 12)<\/p><p>Desde la superficie hasta los 200 m (Ref 3).<\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Migraciones: <\/strong>El per\u00edodo de la migraci\u00f3n en la corriente de Per\u00fa es el verano y oto\u00f1o austral; durante el oto\u00f1o e invierno permanecen alimentandose sobre el talud continetal y mar adentro. Tras el perido de alimentaci\u00f3n vuelven hacia el ecuador a las \u00e1reas de desove costeras, madurando gradualmente (Ref 9)<\/p><p>Las formas grandes halladas en California y Baja California, t\u00edpicas del \u00e1rea de Per\u00fa y Chile, pudieran haber emigrado desde ah\u00ed a traves del ecuador(REf 11). De manera similar, otro autor postula que la abundancia de calamar gigante en el norte de M\u00e9xico y California en 1980, anteriormente considerado raro, aparentemente se deba a cambios hidrogr\u00e1ficos que causaron su migraci\u00f3n desde aguas de Per\u00fa y Chile, donde desapareci\u00f3 desde la d\u00e9cada de 1970.(Ref 14)<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>IMPACTO DEL NI\u00d1O<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><br><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>H\u00c1BITAT<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Asociadas a las aguas de mezcla (ASS + AFC) y aguas oce\u00e1nicas (Ref 3).<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>REPRODUCCI\u00d3N<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><strong>Estrategia reproductiva :&nbsp;<\/strong>En el calamar gigante se da cierto dimorfismo sexual, siendo el manto de los machos cil\u00edndrico, mientras en las hembras el manto se extiende ligeramente en su parte media, donde se hallan los oviductos llenos; el manto de los machos es m\u00e1s duro y grueso respecto al de las hembras (Ref 10)<\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Tipo de fecundaci\u00f3n:<\/strong><\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Fecundidad:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Talla media de madurez:<\/strong><\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Talla media de desove:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong>Tipo y \u00e9poca de desove:<\/strong><\/p><p><br><\/p><p><strong><span class=\"ql-cursor\">\ufeff<\/span>Proporci\u00f3n sexual:<\/strong><\/p><p><br><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>PAR\u00c1METROS&nbsp;DE CRECIMIENTO Y TASA DE MORTALIDAD<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>&nbsp;(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vSMEgr-LTVSOS66kGmWZEFbrQLqSB_BX2hu-Jfp8-OKt0_qGs5dipuGQDucOC4oMsskFJ7TXo9oY5xn\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>DIETA<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Canibalismo, peces y crustaceos ( Ref 13).Canibalistmo (48.3%)<\/span><em>, Engreaulis ringen<\/em><span>s (17.2%),&nbsp;<\/span><em>Merluccius gayi peruanu<\/em><span>s (12%) y Euphasidae (5).<\/span><\/p><p><span>El calamar gigante se aliment\u00f3 principalmente de cefal\u00f3podos, y en menor proporci\u00f3n de peces, crust\u00e1ceos y otros. Entre los peces figuran anchoveta, merluza y jurel, recursos importantes de nuestro ecosistema, pero en bajas proporciones en los diferentes \u00edndices tr\u00f3ficos. El canibalismo se increment\u00f3 con relaci\u00f3n al tama\u00f1o corporal de la especie.(Ref 7).<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>RANGO DE TOLERANCIA<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Temperatura entre 15 -28\u00b0C (Ref 11)<\/span><\/p><p><span>Temperatura : &gt; 18\u00b0C (Ref 13)<\/span><\/p><p><span>Salinidad : &gt; 35.05 ppm (Ref 13)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n            <\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-pagination ea-advanced-data-table-pagination-button clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"pesquera-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"pesquera-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <style>.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#5F5F5F;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba th{text-align:left;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba th .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th{color:#444444;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:before{border-bottom-color:#444444;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:after{border-top-color:#444444;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba thead{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table th{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba td{text-align:left;color:#000000;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#D7D7D7;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba td .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba tbody{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table td{padding:20px 20px 20px 20px;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-search{width:200px;height:40px;margin-bottom:10px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination{text-align:left;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a{padding:5px 15px 5px 15px;margin:5px 5px 0px 0px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select{padding:5px 15px 5px 15px;margin:5px 5px 0px 0px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a, .elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover, .elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current, .elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-3508 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"3508\" class=\"elementor elementor-3508\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5485fbf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5485fbf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-738282e\" data-id=\"738282e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7a77ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-advanced-data-table\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-advanced-data-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\"><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search-wrap ea-advanced-data-table-search-right\"><input type=\"search\" placeholder=\"Buscar\" class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search\"><\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap-inner\">\n                <table class=\"ea-advanced-data-table ea-advanced-data-table-static ea-advanced-data-table-f7a77ba ea-advanced-data-table-sortable ea-advanced-data-table-paginated ea-advanced-data-table-searchable\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\" data-items-per-page=\"10\"><thead><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>DESEMBARQUE TOTAL<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>A partir del a\u00f1o 2000, los desembarques registran un incremento respecto a los a\u00f1os anteriores. (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vTAC8BP1RgS0kKYnLpuQm6fQuRR40cdmrdNQ6F6Z5FbyymBk9UJY1C_5DIJ4OWDMX72sI0ijGsIqQBa\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>). (Ref 15).<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>DESEMBARQUES POR PUERTO\/PUNTO DE DESEMBARQUE<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Entre los principales puertos tenemos a Paita, Talara, Sullana, entre otros. (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vROUQoZ3qdxGBevgxzoF2C8wxLR5xsVqxNVAwtKgWLaqg54U31kaawZFsHShSEqG_euF2QrvgQl6Mde\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>)&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent\">(Ref 15)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>DESEMBARQUE POR DESTINO (PRODUCTO)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Los datos de los desembarques indican que en su mayorina el destino es para comercializarce como Congelado , asi como fresco. (&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vSvkKsL26M0XcncyQpSQYD4EAG12BshbOpHbslX35G3FG_R24OoSPOkiY6iid5PiLxG_I3sTssk4CYG\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>).<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent\">(Ref 15)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>ARTES, APAREJOS Y M\u00c9TODOS DE EXTRACCI\u00d3N<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Poteras manuales (Ref 6).Principalmente con poteras tanto en pesca artesanal y pesca industrial ; asimismo incidentalmente usando redes de cerco, arrastre y superficie y usando palangre para bacalao negro y rockot (Ref 9).<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>ESTACIONALIDAD (DESEMBARQUES MENSUALES)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>&nbsp;No se pede apreciar una marcada estacionalidad en el desembarque, salvo en algunos a\u00f1os (&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vRlxCG_B1872D83IFCjzlEKW5XlYNkqpF2eQDmhwPi9bG5GTKY-PqIXQQeu_e2gzASsKCCpx3OTU9BM\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>)<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent\">(Ref 15)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>FLOTA (CARACTERISTICAS)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>&nbsp;Flota industrial y flota artesanal (Ref 9).<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>ESFUERZO (VIAJES)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><br><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>ZONAS DE PESCA<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Entre abril de 1991 y Diciembre del 1994 estuvo distribuido entre los 03\u00b030\u2032 y 16\u00b035\u2032 de 20 a 180 mn de la costa y las mayores concentraciones se localizaron entre los 04\u00b000\u2032 y 06\u00b030\u00b0S, de 40 a 60 mn de la costa. (8)<\/span>Pta Aguja a Pto. Pizarro entre 50 a 120 mn y Eten a Pimentel entre 60 a 120 mn. (13).<\/p><p>La distribuci\u00f3n de la pota fue amplia y discontinua en toda el \u00e1rea prospectada, con concentraciones dispersas entre 100 a 160 mn (3).<\/p><p>El calamar gigante se present\u00f3 disperso en el \u00e1rea norte, con buenas<\/p><p>concentraciones a 98 mn frente a Paita; 58 mn frente a Punta Gobernador; frente a Salaverry (126 mn); Chimbote (194 mn) y Huarmey (194 mn). En el \u00e1rea centro y sur aumentaron las concentraciones, principalmente frente a Supe y Chancay alrededor de las 123,3 a 126,7 mn de distancia a la costa; frente a Callao a 197,8 mn; frente a bah\u00eda Independencia a 51 y 153,5 mn, y frente a San Juan de Marcona a 123,5 mn (7).<\/p><p>Frente a la Bahia de Sechura, entre los 90 y 170 mn de costa. Tambien entre las 120 y 160 mn frente a Paita, frente a la pta La Negra entre las 80 y 120 mn, y al sur frente a pacasmayo y Chicama entre las 30 y 60 mn de la costa. (4).<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n            <\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-pagination ea-advanced-data-table-pagination-button clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"comercializacin-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"comercializacin-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <style>.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#5F5F5F;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba th{text-align:left;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba th .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th{color:#444444;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:before{border-bottom-color:#444444;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:after{border-top-color:#444444;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba thead{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table th{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba td{text-align:left;color:#000000;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#D7D7D7;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba td .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba tbody{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table td{padding:20px 20px 20px 20px;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-search{width:200px;height:40px;margin-bottom:10px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination{text-align:left;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a{padding:5px 15px 5px 15px;margin:5px 5px 0px 0px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select{padding:5px 15px 5px 15px;margin:5px 5px 0px 0px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a, .elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover, .elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current, .elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-3514 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"3514\" class=\"elementor elementor-3514\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5485fbf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5485fbf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-738282e\" data-id=\"738282e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7a77ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-advanced-data-table\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-advanced-data-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\"><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search-wrap ea-advanced-data-table-search-right\"><input type=\"search\" placeholder=\"Buscar\" class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search\"><\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap-inner\">\n                <table class=\"ea-advanced-data-table ea-advanced-data-table-static ea-advanced-data-table-f7a77ba ea-advanced-data-table-sortable ea-advanced-data-table-paginated ea-advanced-data-table-searchable\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\" data-items-per-page=\"10\"><thead><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>PRECIOS DE MERCADOS MAYORISTAS<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Los precios promedios anuales mayoristas, oscilaron entre 20 soles a 42 soles\/a\u00f1o. (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vS_9VI7hkPnaQSFsECWyzoFVU1OrcTP6Larvac1FbYQhdmudPBDCMoZbwH4g27t1292q7-CDBzu4sWY\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>).<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent\">(Ref 16)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>PRINCIPALES MERCADOS DE EXPORTACI\u00d3N E IMPORTACI\u00d3N<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Exportaci\u00f3n : China, Espa\u00f1a, Corea del Sur , Japon y otros. (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vTCy2ltWvVpyv6PuZQL4jRcJYB-40HlzcelD1wB0jwMi05CQdeuZ3R0Owr5orIOOaoAxRrkvQJRbDET\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>)(Ref 17)<\/span><\/p><p><span>Importaci\u00f3n : Espa\u00f1a, China, Chile, Aguas internacionales (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vRHEu6HddJKz_IiiA3qs3FMZygRV6aKyFwo7cyQ0zsdetqOUJbx2DFaI036xC0uyIooKM2tiDkV5sfn\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>)&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent\">(Ref 17)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>VOLUMEN Y VALOR DE EXPORTACIONES<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>&nbsp;Seg\u00fan los datos de exportaci\u00f3n entre los a\u00f1os 2000 y 2017, han ido aumentando progresivamente, es as\u00ed que en el a\u00f1o 2014 se logro exportar aproximadamente 300 mil toneladas, en valor FOB es aproximadamente 495,5 millones de toneladas. (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vThgHAo1r7g4lMphlHeL_iQhn5itSsd8korESiqUpcYBviy7X2Hx3QECBSb13NXiaVdAlla_rcT_3qH\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>). Asimismo para las exportaciones seg\u00fan la presentaci\u00f3n, se puede apreciar que es mayormente en congelado (&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vQHG4U3tXEv86LU6grpAeGNUZWx7Xdq2cH-nPFleibVx4DmAyIZeln2BumXjdxkrXLrR86VRshljP_7\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>).<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent\">(Ref 17)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>VOLUMEN Y VALOR DE IMPORTACIONES<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>Los datos de importaci\u00f3n registrados entre el 2000 y 2017 en un inicio son bajos, sin embargo a partir del a\u00f1o 2011 se noto un incremento, logr\u00e1ndose registrar en el 2014 importaciones de 2 mil toneladas, y el valor de estas importaciones para ese a\u00f1o alcanzo alrededor de 1 millon de US$. (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vT0a8lZwf3C2CxE0DkVo_fvgHA0JHlSn24YQeH1UDw9D79d1KGchrpLSiy2q5X9VDG14M0Ws3J95_7j\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>). Asimismo para las importaciones seg\u00fan la presentaci\u00f3n, se aprecia que es mayormente en congelado.(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/e\/2PACX-1vR3DWzrZYYOjCDCDWn-eTYz1uVjWo8E5P7c3zfMczFXrKmmq2LmTsRBxs_LLvSpbhwgjMbnr6HI5HD7\/pubhtml\" target=\"_blank\">Ver datos<\/a><span>).<\/span><span style=\"background-color: transparent\">(Ref 17)<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n            <\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-pagination ea-advanced-data-table-pagination-button clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"manejo-y-estado-de-explotacin-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"manejo-y-estado-de-explotacin-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <style>.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#5F5F5F;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba th{text-align:left;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba th .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th{color:#444444;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:before{border-bottom-color:#444444;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-wrap .ea-advanced-data-table th:after{border-top-color:#444444;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba thead{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table th{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba td{text-align:left;color:#000000;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#D7D7D7;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba td .ql-editor{text-align:left;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba tbody{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table td{padding:20px 20px 20px 20px;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-search{width:200px;height:40px;margin-bottom:10px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination{text-align:left;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a{padding:5px 15px 5px 15px;margin:5px 5px 0px 0px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select{padding:5px 15px 5px 15px;margin:5px 5px 0px 0px;color:#666666;background-color:#ffffff;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a, .elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{color:#666666;background-color:#fafafa;}.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a:hover, .elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination a.ea-adtp-current, .elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table-pagination select:hover{border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#eeeeee;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-3521 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7a77ba .ea-advanced-data-table{width:100%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"3521\" class=\"elementor elementor-3521\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5485fbf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5485fbf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-738282e\" data-id=\"738282e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7a77ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-advanced-data-table\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-advanced-data-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\"><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search-wrap ea-advanced-data-table-search-right\"><input type=\"search\" placeholder=\"Buscar\" class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-search\"><\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-wrap-inner\">\n                <table class=\"ea-advanced-data-table ea-advanced-data-table-static ea-advanced-data-table-f7a77ba ea-advanced-data-table-sortable ea-advanced-data-table-paginated ea-advanced-data-table-searchable\" data-id=\"f7a77ba\" data-items-per-page=\"10\"><thead><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>BIOMASA ESTIMADA<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>&nbsp;2003 : 614.27 ton (Ref 3).<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>NORMATIVIDAD<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span>Proh\u00edben uso de redes de cerco para la extracci\u00f3n del recurso calamar com\u00fan dentro de la zona comprendida entre las 0 y 5 millas marinas. (R. M. N\u00b0 290-2000-PE ) (Ref 18).<\/span><\/p><p>Reglamento del Ordenamiento Pesquero&nbsp;(DS N\u00ba 013-2001-PE). (Ref 19).<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>TALLA M\u00cdNIMA<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><br><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>TAMA\u00d1O DE MALLA<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><br><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>CUOTAS DE CAPTURA<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><span>2018 : 609,000 toneladas (RM N\u00b0 115-2018-PRODUCE) (Ref 20).<\/span>2012 :&nbsp;500 mil toneladas (Resoluci\u00f3n Ministerial N\u00b0 036-2012-PRODUCE) (Ref 21).<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><strong>TEMPORADA DE PESCA Y VEDAS<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td><p><br><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n            <\/div><div class=\"ea-advanced-data-table-pagination ea-advanced-data-table-pagination-button clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"referencias-bibliogrfica-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"referencias-bibliogrfica-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        <style>.elementor-3527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a230a51:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-3527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a230a51 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-3527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a230a51{transition:background 0.3s, border 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;}.elementor-3527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a230a51 > .elementor-background-overlay{transition:background 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, opacity 0.3s;}.elementor-3527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-07d89e7{color:#000000;}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"3527\" class=\"elementor elementor-3527\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a230a51 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a230a51\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9abc3c0\" data-id=\"9abc3c0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07d89e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"07d89e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol start=\"1\" type=\"1\"><li>Arguelles, J. 1996. Crecimiento y reclutamiento del calamar gigante\u00a0<i>Dosidicus gigas<\/i>\u00a0en el Peru (1991 a 1994). Inf. Prog. Inst. Mar Peru. N\u00b023. Calla, PE.<\/li><li>Arguelles, J.; Yamashiro, C. 1997. Estimaci\u00f3n de la poblaci\u00f3n de calamar gigante\u00a0<i>Dosidicus gigas<\/i>\u00a0en el litoral peruano mediante el an\u00e1lisis de cohortes. Inf. Prog. Inst. Mar Peru.N\u00b072. Callao, PE.+C10:C17<\/li><li>Castillo, R.; Gutierrez, M.; Peralta, S.; Ganoza, F. 2009. Distribuci\u00f3n y biomasa de algunos recursos pel\u00e1gicos peruanos en primavera 2003. Inf. Inst. Mar Per\u00fa. Vol. 36, N\u00fameros 1-2. p: 45-51.<\/li><li>IMARPE ( Instuto del Mar del Peru). 2015. Crucero 1501-02 de Investigaci\u00f3n del Calamar gigante\u00a0<i>Dosidicus gigas<\/i>\u00a0B I C Jose Olaya Balandra. Informe Ejecutivo. Paita-Chicaha, Del 20 de Enero al 09 de febrero 2015. Pag (62). Callao, PE.<\/li><li>Koronkiewicz, A. 1988. Biological characteristics of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) caught in open waters of the Eastern Central Pacific from October to December 1986. ICES Documents 1988. Shellfish Committee (K:42, K:7,K:2).-C.M. 1988\/K:42: 15p.<\/li><li>Mariategui, L.; Castillo, G.; Ruiz, C.; Pais, C.; Diaz, B.; Valladares, O. 1998. Pesqueria artesanal del Calamar gigante (Dosidicus gigas) en el litoral norte, octubre a diciembre 1997. Informe progresivo. Inst. Mar. Per. N\u00b077. Calla, PE.<\/li><li>Mariategui, L.; Pizarro, L.; Blaskovic, V.; Goicochea, C.; Vasquez, L.; Marquina, R.; Crispin, A.2011. El calamar gigante en el mar peruano. Crucero B\/P Hakurei Maru N\u00b08. Primavera 2010 y verano 2011. Inf. Inst. Mar Peru. Vol 38, Num 4. Callao, PE.<\/li><li>Mariategui, L.; Taipe, A. 1996. Distribucion y abundancia relativa del calamar gigante (Dosidicus gigas) en el Peru. Informe Progresivo. Inst. Mar Peru. N\u00b034. Calla, PE.<\/li><li>Marikaida, U. 2001. Biologia del Calamar Gigante Dosidicus gigas Orbignyi , 1835 (Cephalopoda : Ommastrephidae) en el Golfo de California, Mexico.Tesis para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias. Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada. La ensenada, MEX.<\/li><li>Nesis, K. 1970. The biology of the giant squid of Peru and Chile, Dosidicus gigas. Keanologiia 10(1): 215-231.<\/li><li>Nesis, K. N. 1983. Dosidicus gigas. Pp. 215-231. En P. R. Boyle (Ed.), Cephalopod Life Cycles Vol. I, Species Accounts. Academic Press, London, 475 pp.<\/li><li>Rubio R., J. y C. Salazar C. 1992. Prospecci\u00f3n pesquera del calamar gigante (Dosidicus gigas) a bordo del buque japon\u00e9s \u201cShinko Maru 2\u201d (04 de noviembre-17 de diciembre de 1989). Inf. Inst. Mar Per\u00fa, 103: 31 pp.<\/li><li>Segura, M.; Castillo, R.; Rubio, J.; Tello, E.; Guitierrez, M.; Aliaga, A. 1996. Crucero de investigaciones sobre el recurso calamar gigante o pota a bordo del BIC SNP-|. CR. 9510-11. Chicama-Pto, Pizarro. Inf. Progr. Inst. Mar Peru. N\u00b034. Callao, PE.<\/li><li>Voss, G. L. 1982. Report on the possibilities.<\/li><li>PRODUCE (Ministerio de la Producci\u00f3n). 2018. Solicitud acceso a la informaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica: (Oficio N\u00b0 0119-2018\/PRODUCE-FUN.RES.ACC.INF). Hist\u00f3rico anual del desembarque de todos los recursos hidrobiol\u00f3gicos por puerto o punto de desembarque del Per\u00fa.<\/li><li>PRODUCE (Ministerio de la Producci\u00f3n). 2017. Solicitud acceso a la informaci\u00f3n p\u00fablica (Oficio N\u00b0 02999-2017-PRODUCE\/FUN.RES.ACC.INF). Precio promedio anual de los principales recursos hidrobiol\u00f3gicos comercializados en los mercados mayoristas pesqueros de Ventanilla y Villa Mar\u00eda del Triunfo, 2013 al 2017.<\/li><li>SUNAT (Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administraci\u00f3n Tributaria). 2018. Base de datos exportaci\u00f3n e importaci\u00f3n (En L\u00ednea). Disponible en: &lt; http:\/\/www.adexdatatrade.com\/ &gt;.Revisado el 03\/01\/2018.<\/li><li>PRODUCE ( Ministerio de la Produccion). 2000. Proh\u00edben uso de redes de cerco para la extracci\u00f3n del recurso calamar com\u00fan dentro de la zona comprendida entre las 0 y 5 millas marinas (R. M. N\u00b0 290-2000-PE).<\/li><li>PRODUCE ( Ministerio de la Producci\u00f3n). 2001.\u00a0Reglamento del Ordenamiento Pesquero del Calamar Gigante o Pota (Decreto Supremo N\u00ba 013-2001-PE).<\/li><li>PRODUCE (Ministerio de la Produccion). 2018. Establecer una cuota de captura del recurso calamar gigante o pota para el a\u00f1o 2018 en 609,000 toneladas. (RM. N\u00b0 115-2018-PRODUCE).<\/li><li>PRODUCE ( Ministerio de la Produccion). 2012. Establecer una cuota de captura del recurso calamar gigante o pota, de 500 mil toneladas para el a\u00f1o 2012 (RM. N\u00b0 036-2012-PRODUCE).<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73323bf elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"73323bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"http:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hoja-Tecnica-1-.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Descarga la Ficha T\u00e9cnica<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tiene una amplia distribuci\u00f3n en el Pacifico Este .El per\u00edodo de la migraci\u00f3n hacia la costa peruana  es el verano y oto\u00f1o austral; durante el oto\u00f1o e invierno permanecen aliment\u00e1ndose sobre el talud continental y mar adentro. Tras el periodo de alimentaci\u00f3n vuelven hacia el ecuador a las \u00e1reas de desove costeras, madurando gradualmente. En su dieta destacan la merluza, jurel, liza, sardina o individuos de su misma especie, es decir, presentan un alto grado de canibalismo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3497,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nombre-cientifico"],"amp_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3495"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3532,"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3495\/revisions\/3532"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tumi.lamolina.edu.pe\/infopes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}